Peptide Profile
Xenin-25
The Natural Incretin Helper Peptide That Enhances Glucose Control and Insulin Response
Dose Range
0.1 nmol/kg-1.0 nmol/kgnmol/kg
Frequency
Once daily
Route
Intravenous (IV)
Cycle Length
Ongoing/indefinite
Onset
Moderate (1-2 weeks)
Evidence
Moderate
Compound Profile
Scientific & Efficacy Data
C139H224N38O32S
Molecular Formula
2971.6 g/mol
Molecular Weight
10-15 minutes (IV administration, subject to variation)
Half-Life
IV: ~100%; Subcutaneous: Research-dependent; Oral: Limited due to peptide nature (active research)
Bioavailability
Not available
CAS #
16131039
PubChem ID ↗
Developed By · 1990
Research Team
Academic Research Institutions
Primary Benefits
Xenin-25 directly enhances insulin secretion in response to glucose, making it one of the most targeted metabolic peptides for natural glucose regulation
Works in harmony with other incretin hormones to create a coordinated response system for managing blood sugar levels
A naturally occurring hormone produced by your own intestinal cells, meaning your body recognizes and responds to it with established biological pathways
Amino Acid Sequence
SLLLASDPYMGCNYAVTCDLYNNLPLPRPPHRLAVYGQSARRRVKDosing
How much
do I take?
Timing
Best time to take
Xenin-25 is administered intravenously in a clinical setting. Timing is determined by your healthcare provider based on the treatment protocol and your medical needs.
With food?
IV administration of Xenin-25 is not dependent on meal timing. Your healthcare team will provide specific instructions regarding food and fluid intake around treatment sessions.
If stacking
Xenin-25 should be used as directed by your healthcare provider. If combining with other medications or supplements, discuss potential interactions with your provider. Avoid combining with compounds that have overlapping mechanisms unless specifically guided by a medical professional.
Adjusting Your Dose
Increase if
- +You've tolerated the current dose for the recommended period without significant side effects
- +Therapeutic goals haven't been met at the current dose level
- +Your healthcare provider recommends dose escalation based on your response
- +Lab work or clinical assessments support a higher dose
Decrease if
- -Side effects are bothersome or impacting daily life despite management strategies
- -You experience any signs of an adverse reaction
- -Lab results indicate the need for dose reduction
- -Your healthcare provider recommends a lower dose based on your response
Signs of right dose
- ✓Therapeutic goals being met with minimal side effects
- ✓Stable and consistent response to treatment
- ✓Lab values or clinical markers trending in the right direction
- ✓Good tolerance with manageable or absent side effects
Dosing Calculator
Calculate Your Exact Dose
Step 1: Peptide Weight
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Suitability
Is this
right for me?
Best For
Supporting healthy glucose metabolism
Xenin-25 is particularly well-suited for individuals focused on supporting healthy glucose metabolism. Research and clinical experience suggest meaningful benefits in this area when used as part of a comprehensive treatment approach.
Enhancing insulin response efficiency
Xenin-25 is particularly well-suited for individuals focused on enhancing insulin response efficiency. Research and clinical experience suggest meaningful benefits in this area when used as part of a comprehensive treatment approach.
Research into metabolic disorder treatment
Xenin-25 is particularly well-suited for individuals focused on research into metabolic disorder treatment. Research and clinical experience suggest meaningful benefits in this area when used as part of a comprehensive treatment approach.
Consider Alternatives If
Who Should Avoid
Do not use if
- ×Medullary thyroid carcinoma or personal/family history
- ×Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
- ×Pregnancy and breastfeeding
- ×Severe kidney or liver disease
Use with caution if
- !You are taking other medications—discuss potential interactions with your healthcare provider
- !You have a history of liver or kidney disease
- !You are elderly or have multiple medical conditions
- !You are planning surgery in the near future—inform your surgeon about Xenin-25 use
- !You have any chronic health conditions that require regular monitoring
Administration
How do I
use it?
Reconstitution
What you need
- •Xenin-25 vial (lyophilized powder or solution)
- •Bacteriostatic water or sterile sodium chloride for reconstitution
- •Alcohol swabs for cleaning vial tops and injection sites
- •Appropriately sized syringes with fine-gauge needles (27-30 gauge)
- •Sharps disposal container
Injection
Route
Subcutaneous injection (into the fatty tissue just under the skin)—allows for consistent absorption and can be self-administered at home after proper training
Best sites
- •Abdomen (stomach area)—at least 2 inches from the belly button, most popular choice for self-injection
- •Front of thighs—middle to upper portion of the outer leg
- •Back of upper arm—outer area (may need assistance from another person)
Technique
- 1.Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before handling supplies
- 2.Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab and let it air dry completely
- 3.Pinch a fold of skin at the chosen injection site
- 4.Insert the needle at a 45-90 degree angle (depending on needle length and body composition)
- 5.Inject the medication slowly and steadily over 5-10 seconds
- 6.Release the skin fold and remove the needle, applying gentle pressure with a clean swab
- 7.Rotate injection sites to prevent tissue irritation or lipodystrophy
- 8.Dispose of the needle safely in a sharps container—never recap or reuse needles
Storage
Signs of degradation
Sample Daily Schedule
Safety
Is it
safe?
Safety Profile
Xenin-25 is a 25-amino acid natural gut peptide discovered in 1992 with moderate evidence from Phase 1-2 human clinical trials. The peptide has been extensively studied in metabolic research for over 30 years. Safety profile shows good tolerability in research settings with mild, transient gastrointestinal effects being the most common. Critical limitation: Xenin-25 has NOT completed Phase 3 clinical trials and is not FDA-approved for clinical use. No serious adverse effects have been reported in research studies, but hypoglycemia risk requires careful monitoring when combined with insulin or other glucose-lowering agents. Individual responses to Xenin-25 are generally mild gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, or headache in the first few days—these typically resolve with continued use. The peptide's glucose-dependent mechanism makes hypoglycemia unlikely when used alone, but additive effects with other agents require medical supervision.
Xenin-25's evidence base spans over 30 years of investigation since its 1992 discovery as a neurotensin-related gut peptide. Phase 1-2 clinical data demonstrates its role as a glucose-dependent insulin secretagogue with additive effects when combined with GIP. Human tolerability studies show a favorable safety profile at therapeutic doses, though the peptide is rapidly degraded by DPP-IV, limiting its clinical utility without stabilization modifications.
Common Side Effects
Experienced by some users
Gastrointestinal Discomfort
Some users experience mild stomach cramping, bloating, or digestive changes, especially in the first few days of use. This typically subsides quickly.
Management: Take with meals, stay hydrated, and give your body 3-5 days to adjust. Slow dose escalation helps minimize GI symptoms.
Nausea
Light nausea can occur, particularly with initial doses. It's usually mild and temporary.
Management: Start with lower doses and increase gradually. Take with food. Most users report improvement after first week.
Headache
Some individuals report mild headaches, usually in the first few days of treatment.
Management: Ensure proper hydration, get adequate sleep, and consider over-the-counter pain relievers if needed. Typically resolves on its own.
Less Common
- •Injection Site Reactions
- •Mild Fatigue
These typically resolve with continued use or dose adjustment.
Stop and Seek Help If
- ×Severe or worsening side effects that don't improve with dose adjustment or supportive care
- ×Signs of an allergic reaction—rash, hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing
- ×Your healthcare provider recommends discontinuation based on your clinical response
- ×Development of any new medical condition that may be contraindicated with Xenin-25
- ×Pregnancy or planning to become pregnant (unless specifically approved for use during pregnancy)
- ×Abnormal lab results or clinical markers that suggest adverse effects
Xenin-25 should only be started, adjusted, or discontinued under medical supervision. This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Never stop a prescribed treatment without consulting your healthcare provider first, as abrupt discontinuation may have consequences.
Interactions
With other peptides
- ✓Both secreted from same K-cells; show synergistic glucose control benefits when combined
- ✓Complementary incretin hormone mechanisms enhance overall glucose homeostasis
- ✓DPP-IV inhibitors preserve xenin activity and enhance combined metabolic effects
With medications
- !Insulin (without professional medical monitoring) - Risk of hypoglycemia without proper glucose monitoring and dose adjustment
With supplements
- ✓Multivitamins - Generally safe to take alongside Xenin-25. Space doses apart if taking oral formulations to ensure optimal absorption.
- ✓Electrolyte supplements - Helpful if experiencing any GI side effects that could lead to dehydration. Safe to combine.
Effectiveness
Does it
work?
Evidence Level
Moderate human trials
What to Expect
Immediate (0-1 hours) (Onset of action)
What you might notice
- •After injection or oral intake, xenin begins binding to receptors almost immediately
- •You may notice nothing obvious, but your body is preparing glucose regulatory responses
What's normal
- •Initial response to Xenin-25 is beginning at the cellular level
- •Different individuals experience Xenin-25's onset at different rates
- •Transient systemic effects from initial Xenin-25 exposure are common
What's next
- →Maintain consistent Xenin-25 administration as prescribed
- →Document subjective effects and physical markers daily
- →Schedule a check-in with your provider about initial observations
Acute Response (1-4 hours) (Peak effects)
What you might notice
- •Peak insulin secretion response occurs around 30-60 minutes post-administration when combined with glucose intake
- •Maximum glucose control benefits are evident during this window
What's normal
- •Xenin-25 is achieving sufficient receptor engagement
- •Initial mechanism of Xenin-25 is taking effect
- •Early transient effects from Xenin-25 administration are resolving
What's next
- →Maintain consistent Xenin-25 administration as prescribed
- →Document subjective effects and physical markers daily
- →Schedule a check-in with your provider about initial observations
Short-term (Hours to Days) (Adjustment phase)
What you might notice
- •Your body adjusts to the improved glucose regulation
- •Some mild side effects (nausea, fatigue) may appear but typically resolve
- •Glucose stability improves noticeably
What's normal
- •Xenin-25 is achieving sufficient receptor engagement
- •Initial mechanism of Xenin-25 is taking effect
- •Early transient effects from Xenin-25 administration are resolving
What's next
- →Maintain consistent Xenin-25 administration as prescribed
- →Document subjective effects and physical markers daily
- →Schedule a check-in with your provider about initial observations
Ongoing (Weeks of Regular Use) (Established benefit phase)
What you might notice
- •With consistent use, the synergistic benefits with endogenous GIP and other hormones become more pronounced
- •Improved insulin sensitivity and more stable glucose patterns throughout the day
What's normal
- •Full therapeutic effects of Xenin-25 are well-characterized at this point
- •Maintenance of Xenin-25's therapeutic effects is typical
- •Tolerance patterns with Xenin-25 are generally stable over months
What's next
- →Comprehensive assessment of Xenin-25 efficacy should be conducted
- →Discuss long-term continuation, cycling, or protocol modifications
- →Continue regular monitoring of relevant biomarkers or symptoms
Signs It's Working
Treatment Response
- ✓Improvement in the primary symptoms or condition being treated
- ✓Positive changes in relevant lab values or clinical markers
- ✓Consistent, stable response to Xenin-25 over time
- ✓Reduction in symptom frequency or severity
General Well-being
- ✓Improved energy levels and daily functioning
- ✓Better quality of life related to the treated condition
- ✓Manageable or absent side effects indicating good tolerance
- ✓Positive feedback from healthcare provider during check-ups
Not Seeing Results?
Common reasons
- •Not at therapeutic dose yet—initial doses are for building tolerance, not maximum effect
- •Insufficient time at target dose—most compounds need several weeks to show full benefits
- •Inconsistent dosing schedule—regular, consistent use is crucial for optimal results
- •Individual variation in response—genetics, metabolism, and other factors affect outcomes
- •Underlying conditions or medications interfering with absorption or effectiveness
- •Improper storage leading to degraded product—always verify proper storage conditions
Key Research
"Xenin-Derived Peptides: Multifaceted Regulators and Therapeutic Innovations in Metabolic Diseases"
Research investigators, 2025
Finding: Engineered xenin peptides show extended half-lives (from minutes to hours) and improved effectiveness in animal diabetes models through better insulin secretion and blood sugar control. Multi-hormone combinations combining xenin with other digestive hormones show promising synergistic effects, though human clinical trials are still needed to confirm safety and effectiveness in treating metabolic diseases.
View Study"Xenin and Related Peptides: Potential Therapeutic Role in Diabetes and Related Metabolic Disorders"
Research investigators, 2021
Finding: Since its 1992 discovery, xenin has shown multiple benefits for diabetes management including enhanced insulin secretion, appetite suppression, and restoration of GIP sensitivity in Type 2 diabetes. This K-cell hormone holds significant promise as a diabetes therapy, especially when combined with other gut hormones in new dual and triple hormone treatments.
View Study"Individual and combined effects of GIP and xenin on differentiation, glucose uptake and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes"
Research investigators, 2020
Finding: When GIP and xenin work together on fat cells, they have unique combined effects that differ from their individual actions—they reduce fat buildup while increasing glucose uptake and regulating lipolysis. This suggests the two K-cell hormones have evolved to work as a coordinated team for metabolic regulation, with important implications for combination therapies in metabolic disorders.
View Study"The methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor, TNP-470, enhances the antidiabetic properties of sitagliptin in mice by upregulating xenin"
Research investigators, 2021
Finding: Boosting xenin levels alongside DPP-IV inhibitors like sitagliptin significantly enhances diabetes treatment effectiveness in animal models. This combination approach suggests that targeting xenin upregulation could unlock new ways to improve existing diabetes medications and provide better glucose control for patients.
View StudyFrequently Asked Questions