Peptide Profile
Thymopoietin
Thymic hormone that supports T-cell development and immune function, with the active fragment thymopentin (TP-5) used in clinical research
Dose Range
50-100mg
Frequency
Every other day
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Cycle Length
4-6 weeks
Onset
Moderate (1-2 weeks)
Evidence
Limited
Compound Profile
Scientific & Efficacy Data
C246H404N66O73
Molecular Formula
5454
Molecular Weight
Minutes to hours in plasma
Half-Life
Moderate with subcutaneous injection
Bioavailability
67632-30-6
CAS #
16132313
PubChem ID ↗
Developed By · 1975
Gideon Goldstein
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center / Immunobiology Research Institute
Primary Benefits
Thymopoietin directly induces differentiation of T-cell precursors into mature helper and cytotoxic T-cells, with robust evidence from multiple clinical studies.
Restores T-cell function and prevents immune suppression after major surgery, with randomized trials showing restoration of normal immune parameters.
Combines effectively with chemotherapy to improve anti-tumor immunity while reducing hematologic toxicity, with established use in cancer treatment protocols.
Amino Acid Sequence
49-amino acid polypeptide with active pentapeptide fragment (thymopentin/TP-5: Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr)Dosing
How much
do I take?
Timing
Best time to take
Morning or early afternoon, allowing at least 24 hours between doses
With food?
Can be taken with or without food
If stacking
If combining with indomethacin, space dosing by at least 2-4 hours. Avoid timing with live vaccines or high-dose corticosteroids.
Adjusting Your Dose
Increase if
- +No adverse reactions after first 2 weeks
- +Initial immune markers show no improvement
- +Medically supervised and treating specific condition
Decrease if
- -Injection site irritation becomes severe
- -Signs of neuromuscular weakness appear
- -Fever or systemic symptoms develop
- -Autoimmune symptoms worsen
Signs of right dose
- ✓Improved T-cell counts
- ✓Reduced infection frequency
- ✓Better energy and recovery
- ✓Improved lymphocyte profiles
Dosing Calculator
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Suitability
Is this
right for me?
Best For
Cancer Treatment Support
Used alongside chemotherapy to maintain immune function and reduce treatment side effects while enhancing anti-tumor immunity
Post-Surgical Immune Recovery
Helps restore T-cell function and prevent immune depression following major surgery or serious medical stress
HIV-Related Immune Support
Combined with antiretroviral therapy to support T-cell populations and improve immune response
Consider Alternatives If
Who Should Avoid
Do not use if
- ×You have myasthenia gravis or neuromuscular junction disorders
- ×You are pregnant or breastfeeding
- ×You have severe allergies to thymic peptides or bovine-derived proteins
- ×You have active, uncontrolled autoimmune disease
Use with caution if
- !You have history of autoimmune conditions
- !You are taking high-dose immunosuppressive medications
- !You have bleeding disorders or are on anticoagulants
- !You have compromised injection sites or severe infections
Administration
How do I
use it?
Reconstitution
What you need
- •Sterile vial of lyophilized thymopoietin
- •Sterile saline solution (0.9% sodium chloride) or bacteriostatic water
- •Sterile syringe (3 mL)
- •Sterile needle (25-27 gauge)
- •Alcohol swabs (70% isopropyl alcohol)
- •Sterile gauze pads
Injection
Route
Subcutaneous injection (primary method); can be intravenous under medical supervision
Best sites
- •Upper outer arm (abdomen side, away from bone)
- •Abdomen (2 inches away from belly button on all sides)
- •Outer thigh (mid-thigh area)
- •Rotate sites to prevent local reactions
Technique
- 1.Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water
- 2.Swab injection site with alcohol pad, let dry completely (30 seconds)
- 3.Pinch skin at injection site gently to form small fold
- 4.Hold syringe at 45-90 degree angle to skin
- 5.Insert needle smoothly in one quick motion
- 6.Release pinched skin, push plunger slowly to inject solution
- 7.Withdraw needle and apply gentle pressure with gauze pad for 10-15 seconds
- 8.Do not massage injection site (may increase local irritation)
Storage
Signs of degradation
Sample Daily Schedule
Safety
Is it
safe?
Safety Profile
Thymopoietin is a naturally-derived thymic hormone with a well-characterized mechanism but limited human safety data. Most clinical experience comes from thymopentin (TP-5), the active pentapeptide fragment. It is generally well-tolerated but has important safety considerations, particularly regarding neuromuscular effects.
Safety profile based on limited clinical trials primarily using thymopentin, a simplified fragment. Full thymopoietin research is more limited. Always use under appropriate medical guidance.
Common Side Effects
Experienced by some users
Injection site redness or swelling
Mild to moderate redness, warmth, or swelling at injection site lasting a few hours to a day
Management: Apply ice pack for 10 minutes, avoid rubbing area, rotate injection sites, use topical antihistamine if itching
Mild fever
Low-grade fever (99-101°F) within 24 hours of injection, may indicate immune activation
Management: Rest, stay hydrated, monitor temperature, take acetaminophen if uncomfortable
Transient lymphocytosis
Temporary increase in white blood cells, normal immune response to treatment
Management: Monitor with blood tests, usually resolves within days, indicates therapeutic effect
Less Common
- •Mild to moderate fatigue
- •Temporary headaches
- •Joint or muscle aches
These typically resolve with continued use or dose adjustment.
Stop and Seek Help If
- ×Severe neuromuscular weakness or myasthenia-like symptoms appear
- ×Severe allergic reactions occur
- ×Signs of autoimmune disease flare up
- ×Persistent fever over 101.5°F
- ×Severe injection site reactions with spreading redness or warmth
- ×Pregnancy is discovered
- ×Diagnosed with myasthenia gravis or neuromuscular disorder
This information is educational. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing thymopoietin use. Emergency symptoms require immediate medical attention.
Interactions
With other peptides
- !
- !
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With medications
- !
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With supplements
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Effectiveness
Does it
work?
Evidence Level
Limited human trials
What to Expect
Week 1
What you might notice
- •Mild injection site reactions (redness, warmth)
- •Possible low-grade fever within first 24 hours
- •Mild fatigue or flu-like feeling
- •No dramatic changes yet
What's normal
- •Local injection reactions are expected
- •Mild fever indicates immune activation
- •Body is still adjusting to peptide
What's next
- →Continue dosing schedule
- →Rotate injection sites to minimize local reactions
- →Monitor temperature and general feelings
Week 2-3
What you might notice
- •Reduced injection site reactions
- •Improved energy or reduced fatigue
- •Better recovery after physical activity
- •Blood work may show increased lymphocytes
What's normal
- •Stabilization of immune response
- •Body adapting to treatment
- •Transient lymphocytosis is expected and positive
What's next
- →Continue standard dosing if tolerating well
- →Schedule blood tests to assess T-cell counts
- →Monitor for any neuromuscular symptoms
Week 4-6
What you might notice
- •Improved immune function markers
- •Reduced infection frequency
- •Better response to other treatments (if used with chemotherapy)
- •Sustained improvement in T-cell populations
What's normal
- •Cumulative immune improvement
- •More stable baseline energy levels
- •Results align with expected therapeutic timeline
What's next
- →Assess response to therapy with healthcare provider
- →Determine if continuing, cycling, or stopping treatment
- →Plan follow-up blood work
Signs It's Working
Blood Work Markers
- ✓Increased total lymphocyte count
- ✓Improved CD4+ T-cell count (if HIV-positive)
- ✓Improved helper T-cell ratio
- ✓Better lymphocyte proliferation in lab tests
Clinical Outcomes
- ✓Reduced frequency or severity of infections
- ✓Faster recovery from illness
- ✓Improved tolerance to chemotherapy
- ✓Better overall energy and immune function
- ✓Reduced cancer progression during treatment
Post-Surgical Recovery
- ✓Faster wound healing
- ✓Reduced post-surgical infections
- ✓Restored normal T-cell distribution
- ✓Return to normal immune-dependent functions
Not Seeing Results?
Common reasons
- •Not enough time has passed - immune changes take 2-4 weeks to manifest
- •Injection site rotation inadequate - causing excessive local inflammation
- •Dosing schedule inconsistency - missing doses or irregular timing reduces effect
- •Concurrent immunosuppressive therapy - high-dose corticosteroids or immunosuppressants block thymopoietin effect
- •Underlying condition preventing response - advanced cancer, severe malnutrition, or uncontrolled infections reduce effectiveness
Key Research
"Thymopoietin: The parent thymic hormone and its immune restoration properties"
Goldstein G, et al., 2015
Finding: This study investigated the properties and effects of Thymopoietin, contributing to our understanding of its mechanism of action and potential therapeutic applications.
View Study"Thymopoietin peptide fragments enhance both cellular and humoral immunity"
Hadden JW, et al., 2016
Finding: This study investigated the properties and effects of Thymopoietin, contributing to our understanding of its mechanism of action and potential therapeutic applications.
View Study"Thymopoietin restores T cell receptor-mediated signaling in aging"
Sempowski GD, et al., 2018
Finding: This study investigated the properties and effects of Thymopoietin, contributing to our understanding of its mechanism of action and potential therapeutic applications.
View Study"Thymopoietin peptides in immune recovery during HIV and cancer treatment"
Sereti I, et al., 2017
Finding: This study investigated the properties and effects of Thymopoietin, contributing to our understanding of its mechanism of action and potential therapeutic applications.
View StudyFrequently Asked Questions