Peptide Comparison
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)vsLL-37
Ukrainian botanical immunomodulator that supercharges tuberculosis treatment and restores immune function in HIV patients
Human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide (37 amino acids) that disrupts bacterial membranes at MIC 0.62 μM against S. aureus, neutralizes endotoxin (LPS) to prevent septic shock, and has reached Phase II clinical trials as Ropocamptide for wound healing — achieving 6-fold accelerated healing at 0.5 mg/mL in venous leg ulcers
At a Glance
Quick
comparison
Dose Range
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
25–50 drops
LL-37
0.5–1.6 mg/mL (topical)
Frequency
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Multiple times daily
LL-37
Once daily
Administration
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Oral (liquid drops)
LL-37
Topical application (wound healing)
Cycle Length
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
8-12 weeks
LL-37
12+ weeks
Onset Speed
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Moderate (1-2 weeks)
LL-37
Moderate (1-2 weeks)
Evidence Level
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Moderate human trials (Phase 1-2)
LL-37
Moderate human trials (Phase 1-2)
Efficacy
Benefit
ratings
TB Treatment Enhancement
Immune Restoration
Infection Prevention
Wound Healing
Fighting Infections
Immune Boost
Technical Data
Compound
specifications
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Molecular Formula
N/A — multi-component herbal phytoconcentrate
Molecular Weight
N/A — complex botanical mixture of multiple plant compounds
Half-Life
Not precisely characterized; immunomodulatory effects develop over days to weeks of consistent dosing
Bioavailability
Good oral and sublingual bioavailability; sublingual lozenges shown equivalent to twice-daily oral liquid
CAS Number
Proprietary combination
LL-37
Molecular Formula
C205H340N60O53
Molecular Weight
4,493.26 Da
Half-Life
Short systemic half-life (minutes) due to protease susceptibility; local tissue persistence at wound sites is longer due to binding to extracellular matrix components and lipid membranes
Bioavailability
Topical application achieves high local wound-bed concentrations; systemic bioavailability limited by rapid proteolytic degradation and serum protein binding; not intended for oral delivery
CAS Number
154947-66-7
Protocols
Dosing
tiers
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
LL-37
Applications
Best
suited for
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Tuberculosis Adjunct Treatment
Immunoxel's strongest evidence is as an add-on to standard TB drugs. A meta-analysis of 6 clinical trials found patients receiving Immunoxel were 3.19 times more likely to become sputum-negative compared to TB drugs alone. In one study, 84.1% of patients converted within 1 month versus only 19% on placebo.
HIV/TB Coinfection Immune Support
For patients battling both HIV and TB simultaneously, Immunoxel offers remarkable immune benefits. Clinical trials showed CD4+ T-cell counts increased by 71.2% in just 2 months, viral load decreased significantly, and opportunistic infections dropped from 12 episodes to just 3 compared to standard therapy alone.
Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Support
Immunoxel has been studied in multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB) patients where standard treatments often struggle. Its immune-boosting effects help the body fight TB even when the bacteria resist front-line drugs.
LL-37
Treatment of chronic non-healing wounds including venous leg ulcers and diabetic ulcers
LL-37 is particularly well-suited for individuals focused on treatment of chronic non-healing wounds including venous leg ulcers and diabetic ulcers. Research and clinical experience suggest meaningful benefits in this area when used as part of a comprehensive treatment approach.
Immune defense against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections (MRSA, Pseudomonas)
LL-37 is particularly well-suited for individuals focused on immune defense against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections (mrsa, pseudomonas). Research and clinical experience suggest meaningful benefits in this area when used as part of a comprehensive treatment approach.
Anti-biofilm strategies for chronic wound infections and medical device-associated infections
LL-37 is particularly well-suited for individuals focused on anti-biofilm strategies for chronic wound infections and medical device-associated infections. Research and clinical experience suggest meaningful benefits in this area when used as part of a comprehensive treatment approach.
Boosting innate immune defense in immunocompromised or aging individuals
LL-37 is particularly well-suited for individuals focused on boosting innate immune defense in immunocompromised or aging individuals. Research and clinical experience suggest meaningful benefits in this area when used as part of a comprehensive treatment approach.
Safety Profile
Side
effects
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Common
- Well-tolerated in most patients
- Mild gastrointestinal discomfort
Uncommon
- Temporary taste changes
- Mild allergic skin reactions
- Mild headache
Serious
- Potential herb-drug interactions
LL-37
Common
- Local site irritation
- Transient stinging or burning
- Mild perilesional erythema
- Increased wound exudate
Uncommon
- Allergic contact reaction
Serious
- Hemolytic activity at systemic concentrations
Research Status
Safety
& evidence
Immunoxel (Dzherelo)
Evidence Level
Moderate human trials (Phase 1-2)
FDA Status
Research compound
Safety Overview
Immunoxel has demonstrated a favorable safety profile across multiple clinical trials involving hundreds of patients with TB and TB/HIV coinfection. No serious adverse events have been reported in published studies. It is approved by Ukraine's Ministry of Health and has been used clinically since the late 1980s. Side effects are generally mild and gastrointestinal in nature.
Contraindications
- xKnown hypersensitivity to any of the plant ingredients in the formulation
- xPregnancy and breastfeeding (insufficient safety data)
- xSevere liver disease (contains alcohol-based extract)
- xUse as sole therapy for TB or HIV (must be combined with standard treatment)
LL-37
Evidence Level
Moderate human trials (Phase 1-2)
FDA Status
Research compound
Safety Overview
LL-37 is an endogenous cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide naturally produced by immune cells and epithelial tissues, conferring inherent biocompatibility and low toxicity at physiological concentrations. Synthetic LL-37 shows excellent safety in in vitro immune assays and animal models with no hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, or genotoxicity at relevant doses. At elevated concentrations, the cationic amphipathic structure can cause hemolysis and cell membrane damage, but therapeutic doses are far below these thresholds. Injection site reactions are minimal in research applications.
Contraindications
- xKnown hypersensitivity to cathelicidin peptides or formulation components
- xActive hemolytic conditions — LL-37 demonstrates concentration-dependent hemolytic activity
- xPregnancy and breastfeeding — insufficient reproductive safety data from clinical trials
- xSevere renal impairment — peptide clearance may be altered
Decision Guide
Which is
right for you?
Choose Immunoxel (Dzherelo) if...
- Adjunct immunotherapy alongside tuberculosis treatment
- Immune restoration in HIV/TB coinfected patients
- Reducing opportunistic infection rates
- Supporting overall immune function during infectious disease treatment
Choose LL-37 if...
- Treatment of chronic non-healing wounds including venous leg ulcers and diabetic ulcers
- Immune defense against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections (MRSA, Pseudomonas)
- Anti-biofilm strategies for chronic wound infections and medical device-associated infections
- Boosting innate immune defense in immunocompromised or aging individuals